Chronic refractory angina pectoris: recent progress and remaining challenges

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Chronic refractory angina pectoris: recent progress and remaining challenges

Refractory angina, also described as chronic refractory angina pectoris (CRAP), classically occurs in patients with advanced, often diffuse coronary artery disease (CAD) that failed to be completely revascularized by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and/or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with remaining angina pectoris symptoms despite maximized pharmacological intervention. In the m...

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Chronic therapeutically refractory angina pectoris.

Correspondence to: Dr Mike J L DeJongste, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, University Hospital of Groningen, PO Box 30,001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; m.j.l.de.jongste@ thorax.azg.nl _________________________ I n contrast to the tremendous increase in practical opportunities and theoretical knowledge in the western world, resulting in a doubling of our average life expectancy, t...

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    Abstract   Despite sophisticated conventional medical treatment and the continued development   and improvement of coronary revascularization modalities in recent years, a significant   number of patients still suffer from refractory angina pectoris and cannot be successfully   managed. Advances in therapeutic options have led to an increase in the average of life   expectancy even in such ...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: European Heart Journal

سال: 2017

ISSN: 0195-668X,1522-9645

DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx421